Changes

=====Excommunication=====From that moment on until his death, [[Lacan]] and the [[International Psycho-Analytical Association|IPA]] were at loggerheads.

During the [[SFP]]'s subsequent campaign for [[International Psycho-Analytical Association|IPA]] member­ship (which [[Lacan]] seems to have supported) [[Lacan]] was regarded by the [[International Psycho-Analytical Association|IPA]] as the principal obstacle blocking negotiations.

The main bone of contention was [[Lacan]]'s use of [[treatment|sessions of variable duration]], which he continued to practise despite repeated [[International Psycho-Analytical Association|IPA]] admonitions.

[[Lacan]] criticized both the [[structure|institutional structure]] and the dominant theoretical tendencies of the [[International Psycho-Analytical Association|IPA]].

=====Structure=====[[Lacan]] argued that [[Freud]] had organised the [[International Psycho-Analytical Association|IPA]] in such a way because this was the only way of assuring that his theories, misunderstood by all his first followers, would remain intact for someone else ([[Lacan]]) to disinter and resuscitate later on.

The [[International Psycho-Analytical Association|IPA]], in other words, was like a tomb whose only function was to preserve [[Freud]]'s doctrine despite the ignorance of the members of the association, the implication being that once [[Lacan]] had breathed new life into the doctrine, the [[International Psycho-Analytical Association|IPA]] no longer had any valid function at all.<ref>{{L}} "[[Situation de la psychanalyse et formation du psychanalyste en 1956]]." 1956a. ''[[Écrits]]''. Paris: Seuil, 1966: 459-91.</ref>

Even more important than this were [[Lacan]]'s criticisms of the [[International Psycho-Analytical Association|IPA]] [[training|training programme]], which he accused of ignoring [[Freud]]'s emphasis on the need for instruction in literary and cultural studies,<ref>{{Ec}} p. 473</ref>, and for reducing the [[training|training analysis]] to a mere ritual.

The [[school|specific organisational structures]] on which [[Lacan]] organized his own [[school]], such as the [[cartel]] and the [[pass]], were aimed at ensuring that this [[school]] did not repeat these errors of the [[International Psycho-Analytical Association|IPA]].

On a theoretical level, [[Lacan]] levelled various criticisms at all the main theoretical tendencies in the [[International Psycho-Analytical Association|IPA]], including [[Kleinian psychoanalysis]] and [object-relations theory]], but his most sustained and profound criticisms were reserved for the [[school]] of [[ego-psychology]] which had achieved a dominant position in the [[International Psycho-Analytical Association|IPA]] by the 1950s.

=====SAMCDA=====He accused the [[International Psycho-Analytical Association|IPA]] of having betrayed [[Freud]]'s most fundamental insights, renaming it the [[International Psycho-Analytical Association|SAMCDA]] (''societe société d'as­sistance mutuelle contre Ie le discours analytique'', or society for mutual assis­tance against analytic discourse<ref>{{L}} 1973a''[[Télévision]]''. Paris: Seuil, 1973 [''[[Television: A Challenge to the Psychoanalytic Establishment]]''. Ed. [[Joan Copjec]]. New York: Norton, 1990]. p. 27</ref), and attributed this betrayal largely to the fact that the [[International Psycho-Analytical Association|IPA]] was dominated by the USA.

=====Return to Freud=====[[Lacan]] regarded his own teaching as a [[return ]] to the insights that the [[IPA]] had betrayed .

[[Category:EthicsSchools]]