Changes

"[[bar]]" ([[Fr]]. ''{{Topp}}[[barre]]''){{Bottom}}<BR>

==Jacques LacanThe Concept of the Sign=====Signification===[[Image:SAUSSUREANALGORITHM.gif|thumb|150px|right|[[Saussurean algorithm|The Saussurean algorithm]]]]The term "[[bar]]" first appears in [[Lacan]]'s [[work ]] in 1957, where it is introduced in the context of a [[discussion ]] of [[Ferdinand de Saussure]]'s [[concept ]] of the [[sign]].<ref>{{E}} p.149</ref>In this context, the [[bar]] is the line that separates the [[signifier]] from the [[signified]] (in the [[Saussurean algorithm]]), and stands for the [[resistance]] inherent in [[signification]] which is only crossed in [[metaphor]].

In this context==The Barred Subject==Not long after the 1957 paper in which the term first appears, in the [[seminar]] of 1957-8, [[Lacan]] goes on to use the [[bar]] to strike through his [[algebraic]] [[symbol]]s '''S''' and '''A''' in a manner reminiscent of [[Heidegger]]'s [[practice]] of crossing out the [[word]] "[[being]]."<ref>[[Heidegger|Heidegger, Martin]]. (1956) ''The Question of Being'', trans. William Kluback and Jean T. WIlde, [[London]]: [[Vision]], 1959.</ref>The [[bar]] is used to strike through the '''S''' to produce, [[Image:StrikeS.gif]], the "[[bar|barred subject']]." The [[bar]] here represents the [[division]] of the line that separates [[subject]] by [[language]], the [[signifiersplit]] from . Thus whereas before 1957 '''S''' designates the [[signifiedsubject]] (e.g. in the [[Saussurean algorithmschema L]]), from 1957 on '''S''' designates the [[signifier]] and stands for the [[resistanceImage:StrikeS.gif]] inherent in designates the ([[significationdivided]] which is only crossed in ) [[metaphorsubject]].

=="Woman Does Not long after the 1957 paper in which the term first appears, in the seminar of 1957-8, Lacan goes on to use Exist"==In 1973 the [[bar ]] is used to strike through his algebraic symbols S and A the definite article ''la'' whenever it precedes the noun ''[[woman|femme]]'' ("[[woman]]"), as in a manner reminiscent of Heidegger[[Lacan]]'s practice of crossing out the word famous phrase ''[[woman|la femme n'existe pas]]'being' (see Heidegger"[[woman|woman does not exist]]"). The definite article in [[French]] indicates [[universality]], 1956)and by crossing it out [[Lacan]] illustrates his [[thesis]] that [[femininity]] is resistant to all forms of generalisation.<ref>{{S20}} p. 68</ref>

The ==Other Interpretations==In addition to these functions, the [[bar ]] can also be [[interpreted]] as the [[symbolic]] [[phallus]] (which itself is used to strike through never [[bar]]red), as the [[symbol]] of [[negation]] in the S to produce, S[[formulae of sexuation]] (see [[sexual difference]]), and as the 'barred subject'[[trait]] [[unaire]]'' (see [[identification]]).

The bar here represents the division of the subject by language, the SPLIT. ==See Also=={| width=100%Thus whereas before 1957 S designates the subject (e.g. in schema L), from 1957 on S designates the signifier and S designates the (divided) subject. |* [[Algebra]]The bar is also used to strike through the A (the big Other) to produce the algebraic notation for the 'barred Other', A.* [[Castration]]* [[Division]]However, Lacan continues to use both signs in his algebra (e.g. in the graph of desire). ||* [[Language]]The barred * [[Other is the Other insofar as it is castrated, incomplete, marked by a lack, as opposed to the complete, consistent, uncastrated Other, an un-barred A, which does not exist.]]* [[Sign]]----|| In 1973 the * [[barSignification]] is used to strike through the definite article ''la'' whenever it precedes the noun ''femme'' (w'oman'), as in * [[LacanSignified]]'s famous phrase ''kffemme n existe pas'' ('* [[woman does not existSignifier]]'). ||The definite article in French indicates universality, and by crossing it out Lacan illustrates his thesis that femininity is resistant to all forms of generalisation (see S20, 68). ----* [[Split]]  In addition to these functions, the bar can also be interpreted as the symbolic phallus (which itself is never barred), as the symbol of negation in the formulae of sexuation (see * [[sexual differenceSubject]]), and as the trait unaire (see * [[identificationWoman]]).|}

[[Category:Jacques LacanSymbolic]][[Category:Language]][[Category:Concepts]]

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