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1953 (86 pp. and 24 pp.)-FONCTION ET CHAMP DE LA PAROLE ET DU LANGAGE EN PSYCH ANALYSE. DISCOURS DU CONGRES DE ROME ET REPONSE AUX INTERVENTIONS (FUNCTION AND FIELD OF SPEECH AND LANGUAGE IN PSYCHOANALYSIS. DISCOURSE AT THE CONGRESS IN ROME AND ANSWER TO THE INTERVENnONS)-1956
After the 1953 split, Lacan was no longer responsible for the theoretic~ report at the Rome Congress. However, the Italian organizers offered him a place to speak. He presented himself as an enseigneur. a master-teacher whose return to Freud renewed psychoanalysis, and as the theoretical leader of the new group. Although they shed light on each other, one must distinguish between the two texts. The report, Fonction el champ. was distributed to those attend�ing the Congress; it was more developed than the Discours and Lacan would revise it between the two publications (1956-1966). Greeted as "the S.F.P. manifesto," it remains a major text in psychoanalytic thinking in France. The Discours de Rome. on the other hand, delivered on September 26, 1953 to general enthusiasm, was addressed to "my friends," above all to the young.
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b. Title of the French volume that includes the translation of five of Freud's cue histories (Dora, Little Hans, the Rat Man, Dr Schreber, and the Wolf Man) .
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as a passionate call for the rescue of psychoanalysis, which gave the partici�pants an exhilarating image of themselves and of their tasks.
"Speech, subject, language," this "A.B.C." defined an entire program.
This time, the concrete descriptions (9, 16) of analytic experience (empty speech/full speech, silence and interpretation, reconstruction by the subject of his history, etc.) were grounded in the assertion of the "absolute power of language" in all human activities. "In the beginning was the Word lie Verhel" ami, with it, the symbolic order where the name-of-the-father shines (still without capital letters). Levi-Strauss was a model, for he managed to base "the auionomy of a signifying system" on "a generalized theory of exchange where women, goods, and words appear as homogeneous" - the very principle of C11llure that becomes a major term between /lalure and so�cicly. Another crucial novelty, the concept of the unconscious made its tri�umphant entrance here, with a load of definitions. Because they have been quoted over and over again, those definitions have changed the psychoanalytic landscape. This was not a coincidence; the unconscious could now be restored to the field of language and of the symbol, the "foundations of mankind." The passage is not from unconscious to conscious but from language to speech, through the assumption of the subject. The notion of "unconscious subject" even appeared for the first time. Finally, the burning question of technique was settled in favor of the handling of logical time (Le Temps 10�!?iquc 12), in the name of a true mission: to lead the patient (and aforliori the analyst-tn-be) to "the act of speech" as "foundation of the subjects in an essential annunciation." It is ditlicult not to establish a link between the nu�merous expressions celebrating the analyst here and the sentence that has been repeated so often since 1967: "The psychoanalyst only authorizes him�self by himself I/le s'autorise que de lui-lIIt>1lle]."
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