When [[Jacques Lacan]] founded the ''[[Ècole Freudienne de Paris]]'' (EFP) in 1964, after his resignation from the ''[[Société Française de Psychanalyse]]'' (SPP), he chose to call it a '[[school]]' (''école'') for precise reasons.
Not only was it ==Jacques Lacan==[[Jacques Lacan]] resigned from the first time that a psychoanalytic organisation had been called a 'school' rather than an [[Société Française de Psychanalyse]]'association' or a 'society', but the term 'school(SPP).' also highlighted the fact that the EFP was more a means of psychoanalytic formation centred around a doctrine than an institutional order centred around a group of important people.
Thus [[Jacques Lacan]] founded the very use of the term ''[[schoolÈcole Freudienne de Paris]]' in the name ' ('Freudian School of the Paris') ([[EFP indicated that it was an attempt to found a very different type of psychoanalytic institution from those which had been founded before]]) in 1964.
The use of the term '[[Lacanschool]] was particularly keen to avoid ' in the dangers name of the hierarchy dominating the institution, which he saw in the [[International Psychoanalytic AssociationEFP]] (IPA),and which he blamed for the theoretical misunderstandings which had come indicated that it was an attempt to dominate the IPA; the IPA had become, he argued, found a kind very different type of church.<ref>{{Sll}} ppsychoanalytic institution from those which had been founded before.4</ref>
However, it is also important to note that The [[LacanEFP]]'s criticisms of the IPA do not imply was a criticism of the psychoanalytic institution '[[school]] ([[French]]: 'per se''; while [[Lacanécole]] is very critical of the dangers that beset all psychoanalytic institutions, the fact that he himself founded one is evidence that he thought that some kind of institutional framework was necessary for psychoanalysts'') rather than an 'association' or a 'society'.
Thus The term '[[Lacanschool]] is just as sceptical of those ' highlighted the fact that the [[analystEFP]]s who reject all institutions as he is was more a means of those who turn the institution into psychoanalytic formation centred around a doctrine than an institutional order centred around a kind group of churchimportant people.
Many of [[Lacan's ideas cannot be understood without some understanding ]] was particularly keen to avoid the dangers of the history of hierarchy dominating the institution, which he saw in the EFP [[International Psychoanalytic Association]] (1964-80[[IPA]]), especially those of Lacan's ideas and which he blamed for the theoretical misunderstandings which relate had come to dominate the [[trainingIPA]] ; the [[IPA]] had become, he argued, a kind of analysts[[church]].<ref>{{S11}} p. 4</ref>
In this context However, it is also important to note that [[Lacan]]'s criticisms of the EFP was [[IPA]] do not merely imply a training institutecriticism of the psychoanalytic institution ''per se''; while [[Lacan]] is very critical of the dangers that beset all psychoanalytic institutions, and the fact that membership he himself founded one is evidence that he thought that some kind of institutional framework was not restricted to analysts/trainees, but was open to anyone with an interest in psychoanalysisnecessary for [[psychoanalysts]].
All members had equal voting rights, which meant that Thus [[Lacan]] is just as skceptical of those [[analyst]]s who reject all institutions as he is of those who turn the EFP was the first truly democratic psychoanalytic organisation in history[[institution]] into a kind of [[church]].
Many of [[Lacan]]'s ideas cannot be understood without some understanding of the history of the [[EFP]] (1964-80), especially those of [[Lacan]]'s ideas which relate to the [[training]] of [[analyst]]s. ===Membership===In this context it is important to note that the [[EFP]] was not merely a [[training]] institute, and that membership was not restricted to [[analysts]]/[[trainees]], but was open to anyone with an interest in [[psychoanalysis]]. All members had equal voting rights, which meant that the [[EFP]] was the first truly [[democratic] psychoanalytic organisation in [[history]]. There were four categories of members in the EFP: M.E. (''Membre de l'Ecole, or simple member''), A.P. (''Analyste Practiquant''), A.M.E. (''Analyste Membre de l'Ècole''), and A.E. (''Analyste de l'Ècole'').
Members could, and often did, hold several titles simultaneously.
Those who applied for membership of the [[school]] were interviewed by a committee called the cardo (a word meaning a hinge on which a door turns) before being admitted as an M.E.
The title of A.E, was awarded on the basis of a very different procedure, which [[Lacan]] called the [[pass]].
===The pass===
The [[pass]] was instituted by [[Lacan]] in 1967 as a means of verifying the [[end of analysis]], and constitutes the most original feature of the EFP.
Another original feature of the EFP was the promotion of research in small study groups known as [[cartelcartels]]s.
The final years of the EFP were dominated by intense controversy over the [[pass]] and other issues.
===Dissolution===In 1980, [[Lacan]] dissolved the [[EFP]], and in 1981 he created a new institution in its stead, the [[École Ècole de la Cause Freudienne]] ([[ECF]]). Some of the original members of the [[EFP]] followed [[Lacan]] into the [[ECF]], whereas others left to set up a variety of other groups.
Some of these groups still exist today, as does the original members of the EFP followed [[LacanECF]] into the ECF, whereas others left to set up a variety of other groups.
Some of these groups still exist today, as does the ECF.
