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=====Translation=====The term "[[acting out]]" is used in the ''[[Standard Edition]]'' to translate the [[German]] [[word ]] ''[[Agieren]]'' used by [[Freud]].

=====Repetition=====In [[Freud]]'s [[{{LB}}|work]], "[[repetition|repeating]]" and "[[recollectionmemory|remembering]]" refer to are "contrasting ways of bringing the ''[[past ]]'' into the ''[[present]]''."<ref>Laplanche, Jean and Pontalis, Jean-Betrand. ''The [[Language ]] of [[Psycho]]-[[Analysis]]''. Trans. Donald Nicholson-Smith. [[London]]: Hogarth Press and the Institute of Psycho-Analysis. 1967. p.4</ref>If ''past'' events are [[repression|repressed]] from [[memory]], they [[return]] in the ''present'' by expressing themselves in ''actions''; when the [[subject]] does not [[remember]] the ''past'', therefore, he is condemned to [[repetition|repeat]] it by [[acting out|acting it out]].

  ==Memory==If past events are <blockquote>"The [[repressedpatient]] from does not ''remember'' anything of what he has forgotten and [[memoryrepressed]], they return by expressing themselves in actions; when the but ''[[subjectacts]] does '' it out. He reproduces it not as a memory, but as an action; he ''repeats'' it, without, of course, [[rememberknowing]] the past, therefore, that he is condemned to [[repeatrepeating]] it by ."<ref>{{F}} "[[acting out{{FB}}|acting it outRemembering, Repeating, and Working-Through]]." 1914. [[SE]] 12: 150</ref></blockquote>

==Motivation==Although an element of [[repetition]] can be found in almost every [[human]] [[action]], the term "[[acting out]]" is usually reserved for those [[action]]s which display "an impulsive aspect relatively out of harmony with the subject's usual motivational patterns" and which are therefore "fairly easy to isolate from the overall trends of his activity."<ref>Laplanche, Jean and Pontalis, Jean-Betrand. ''The Language of Psycho-Analysis''. Trans. Donald Nicholson-Smith. London: Hogarth Press and the Institute of Psycho-Analysis. 1967. p.4</ref> The [[subject]] fails to understand his motives for the [[action]]. =Recollection===Jacques Lacan==[[Lacan]], following a tradition in psychoanalytic writing, uses this term in [[English]]. From a [[Lacan]]ian perspective, this basic definition of "[[acting out]]" is [[true ]] but incomplete; it ignores the [[dimension ]] of the [[Other]]. ==Recollection== Thus while [[Lacan]] maintains that [[acting out]] results from a failure to [[recollect]] the ''past'', he emphasizes the [[intersubjective]] dimension of [[recollection]]. In other [[words]], [[recollection]] does not merely involve recalling something to [[consciousness]], but also [[communication|communicating]] this to an [[Other]] by means of [[speech]].  Hence [[acting out]] results when [[recollection]] is made impossible by the refusal of the [[Otherimpossible]] to listen. ==Communication==When by the [[Otherrefusal]] has become "deaf," of the [[subject]] cannot convey a [[messageOther]] to him in words, and is forced to expressed the [[message]] in [[action]]s. The [[acting out]] is thus a ciphered [[message]] which the [[subject]] addresses to an [[Other]], although the [[subject]] himself is neither [[conscious]] of the content of this [[message]] nor even aware that his [[action]]s express a [[message]]listen.

=====Communication=====When the [[Other]] has become "deaf," the [[subject]] cannot convey a [[message]] to him in words, and is [[forced]] to expressed the [[message]] in [[action]]s. The [[acting out]] is thus a ciphered [[message]] which the [[subject]] addresses to an [[Other]], although the [[subject]] himself is neither [[conscious]] of the [[content]] of this [[message]] nor even aware that his [[action]]s express a [[message]]. It is the [[Other]] who is entrusted with deciphering the [[message]]; yet it is impossible for him to do so.

=====See Also=====

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