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{{Top}}causality|cause (cause) The concept of causality forms an important thread that{{Bottom}}
==Jacques Lacan==The [[concept]] of [[causality]] forms an important thread that runs throughout [[Lacan]]'s entire úuvre[[work]]. It first appears in the context of the
==Psychosis==It first appears in the context of the question of the [[cause ]] of [[psychosis]], which is a central concern of [[Lacan]]'sdoctoral [[thesis]] <ref>{{L}} ''[[Works of Jacques Lacan|De la psychose paranoiaque dans ses rapports avec la personalité]]''. [[Paris]]: Seuil, 1975.</ref>.
doctoral thesis (Lacan, 1932). ==Psychical Causality==[[Lacan ]] returns to this question in 1946, wherethe [[cause]] of [[madness]] becomes the very [[essence]] of all psychical [[causality]]. In the 1946 paper he reiterates his earlier view that a specifically [[psyche|psychical]] [[cause]] is needed to explain [[psychosis]]; however, he also questions the possibility of defining "[[psychical]]" in [[terms]] of a simple opposition to the concept of matter, and this leads him, in 1955, to dispense with the simplistic [[notion]] of "psychogenesis."<ref>{{S3}} p. 7</ref>.
==Symbolic and Real==In the cause of madness becomes 1950s [[Lacan]] begins to address the very essence concept of all psychical [[causality]] itself, arguing that it is to be situated on the border between the [[symbolic]] and the [[real]]; it implies "a mediation between the [[chain]] of [[symbols]] and [[The Real|the real]]."<ref>{{S2}} p.192</ref>. In
==Science==He argues that the 1946 paper he reiterates his earlier view that concept of [[causality]], which underpins all [[science]], is itself a specifically psychical non-[[scientific]] concept; "the very notion of cause... is established on the basis of an original wager."<ref>{{S2}} p. 192</ref>.
==Anxiety==In the [[seminar]] of 1962-3, [[Lacan]] argues that the [[true]] [[meaning]] of [[causality]] should be looked for in the phenomenon of [[anxiety]], for [[anxiety]] is needed to explain psychosis; however, he also questions the possibility cause of[[doubt]].
defining ==Cause of Desire==He then [[links]] this with the concept of 'psychical' in terms of [[objet petit a simple opposition to ]]'', which is now defined as the concept [[cause]] of matter[[desire]],rather than that towards which [[desire]] tends.
and this leads him==Aristotle==In 1964, in 1955, [[Lacan]] uses [[Aristotle]]'s typology of [[cause]]s to dispense with illustrate the simplistic notion of[[difference]] between the [[symbolic]] and the [[real]].
'psychogenesis' (S3==Truth==[[Lacan]] returns to the [[subject]] of [[causality]] in his 1965-6 [[seminar]], 7)where he distinguishes between [[magic]], [[religion]], [[science]] and [[psychoanalysis]] on the basis to their [[relationship]] to [[truth]] as [[cause]].<ref>{{Ec}} p.855-77</ref>
In the 1950s ==Freudian Case==[[Lacan begins to address ]] also plays on the very concept ambiguity of causality itselfthe term, since besides [[being]] "that which provokes an effect," a [[cause]] is also "that for which one fights,that which one [[defends]]."
arguing [[Lacan]] clearly sees himself as fighting for "the [[Freudian]] cause," although this fight can only be won when one realises that it is to be situated on the border between the symbolic and [[cause]] of the[[unconscious]] is always "a lost cause."<ref>{{S11}} p. 128</ref>.
real; it implies ==See Also=={{See}}* [[Anxiety]]* [[Chance]]||* [[Desire]]* [[Madness]]||* ''[[Objet (petit) a mediation between the chain of symbols and the real]]'' (S2,* [[Psychosis]]||* [[Real]]* [[Symbolic]]||* [[Unconscious]]* [[Truth]]{{Also}}
192). He argues that the concept of causality, which underpins all science, is==References==<div style="font-size:11px" class="references-small"><references/></div>
itself a non-scientific concept; 'the very notion of cause . . . is established on{{OK}}[[Category:Philosophy]]the basis of an original wager' (S2, 192).  In the seminar of 1962-3, Lacan argues that the true meaning of causality should be looked for in the phenomenon of anxiety, for anxiety is the cause of doubt. He then links this with the concept of OBJETPETITA, which is now defined  as the cause of desire, rather than that towards which desire tends.  In 1964, Lacan uses Aristotle's typology of causes to illustrate the difference between the symbolic and the real (see cHANCE).  Lacan returns to the subject of causality in his 1965-6 seminar, where he distinguishes between magic, religion, science and psychoanalysis on the basis to their relationship to truth as cause (see Lacan, 1965a).  Lacan also plays on the ambiguity of the term, since besides being 'that which provokes an effect', a cause is also 'that for which one fights, that which  one defends'. Lacan clearly sees himself as fighting for 'the Freudian cause' (the name he gave to the school he founded in 1980), although this fight can only be won when one realises that the cause of the unconscious is always 'a lost cause' (Sll, 128).__NOTOC__
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