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Instinct
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==TranslationJacques Lacan=====Instinct and Drive===[[Lacan]] follows [[Freud]] in distinguishing the [[instinct]]s from the [[drive]]s, and criticizing those who obscure this [[distinction ]] by using the same [[English ]] [[word ]] ("[[instinct]]") to translate both [[Freud]]'s [[terms ]] (''[[Instinkt]]'' and ''[[Trieb]]'').<ref>{{E}} p. 301</ref>"[[Instinct]]" is a purely ''[[biological]]'' [[concept]] and belongs to the study of [[animal]] [[ethology]]. Whereas [[animal]]s are driven by [[instincts]], which are relatively rigid and invariable, and imply a direct relation to an [[object]], [[human]] [[sexuality]] is a matter of [[drives]], which are very variable and never attain their [[object]]. Although [[Lacan]] uses the term "[[instinct]]" frequently in his early [[work]], after 1950 he uses the word less frequently, preferring instead to reconceptualize the concept of [[instinct]] in terms of [[need]].
===Biologyand Social and Cultural Factors==="From his earliest works, [[Lacan]] criticizes those who attempt to [[understand]] human [[Instinctbehavior]]" purely in terms of [[instinct]]s, arguing that this is to suppose a purely ''[[biologicalharmonious]] relation between man and the [[world]], which does not in fact [[exist]]'' .<ref>{{Ec}} p. 88</ref> The concept and belongs to of [[instinct]] supposes some kind of direct innate [[knowledge]] of the study [[object]] which is of an almost [[animalmoral]] [[ethologycharacter]].<ref>{{Ec}} p. 851</ref>
==See Also==
* [[Helplessness]]
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* [[Knowledge]]
* [[Nature]]
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* [[Need]]
* [[Psychology]]
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== References ==
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