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* 25 December - Lacan's brother Raymond is born (who dies two years later).
* 25 December - Lacan's sister Madeleine(-Marie) is born.
* Raymond Lacan dies.
:1907
* Lacan enters the Collège Stanislas, where he completes both his primary and his secondary education (1907-1919).
* Lacan enters the very select Collège Stanislas, a Marist college catering to the Parisian [[bourgeoisie]], a year earlier than Charles [[de Gaulle]], who is a student there in 1908–9. At Collège Stanislas, Lacan receives a solid primary and secondary education with a strong religious and traditionalist emphasis. He completes his studies in 1919.
* 25 December Birth of Marc-Marie, Lacan's second brother.
* Birth of Marc-François, Lacan's brother (25 December).
* 1 November birth of [[Sylvia ]] Maklès, Lacan’s second wife.
* 25 December birth of Marc-Marie, Lacan’s brother.
* Lacan finishes his secondary education at the Collège Stanislas.
* Autumn Lacan decides to embark on a medical career and enters the Paris Medical Faculty.
* Lacan discharged from military service due to thinness.
* December Lacan attends the first public reading of [[Ulysses ]] by [[James ]] [[Joyce ]] (1882-1941) at Shakespeare and Co in Paris.
* Lacan is discharged from military service because of excessive thinness.
* 7 December Lacan hears the lecture on Joyce's Ulysses by Valéry Larbaud with readings from the [[text]], an [[event ]] organized by La maison des amis des livres, and at which [[James Joyce ]] is [[present]].
* Clinical training at the Clinique des Maladies Mentales et de 1’Encéphale, directed by Henri Claude (1869-1945), which is connected to L’Hôpital Sainte-Anne in Paris. Lacan meets Henri Ey (1900-1977).
* Clinical training in psychiatry at the Clinique des maladies mentales et de l'encéphale, a service linked with the Sainte-Anne hospital in Paris and directed by Henri Claude.
* Lacan studies under Gaëtan Gatian de Clérambault at the special infirmary for the insane attached to the Police Préfecture.
* Engagement with Marie-Thérèse Bergerot, to whom Lacan will dedicate his [[doctoral thesis]]. [[Marriage ]] of Georges [[Bataille ]] (1897-1962) and Sylvia Maklès.* Lacan co-authors with M. Trénel an article on “Abasia “[[Abasia]] in a case of war trauma” in the Revue neurologique. He publishes with J. Lévy-Valensi and M. Meignant a paper on “hallucinatory “[[hallucinatory]] delirium.” Altogether, between 1928 and 1930, he co-authors five more neurological studies based on psychiatric cases. Engagement to Marie-Thérèse Bergerot, to whom he will dedicate his 1932 doctoral thesis with a line of thanks in Greek, the other dedicatee [[being ]] his brother. Clinical training at the [[Paris Police Special Infirmary for the Insane ]] under the supervision of Gaëtan Gatian de Clérambault, whose unconventional style of teaching will exert a lasting influence on Lacan.
* Clinical training at L’Infirmerie Spéciale de la Préfecture de Police, under the supervision of Gaëtan Gatian de Clérambault (1872-1934).
* Lacan's brother, Marc-François, joins the Benedictines.
* Lacan’s brother enters the Benedictine [[Order ]] and moves to the abbey of Hautecombe in the French Alps, adopting the new [[name ]] of Marc-François on 8 September 1931, when he takes his monastic vows.
* In spite of Lacan's disapproval, his brother enters the Benedictine order at the abbey of Hautecombe on the Lake Bourget. He takes his vows on 8 September 1931, and changes his first name to Marc-François.
* Clinical training at the Hospital Henri Rousselle.
* Lacan publishes his first non-collaborative article in Annales Médico-Psychologiques.
* Meets Salvador Dalí (1904-1989).
* First non-collaborative paper in Annales médico-psychologiques.
* 10 June birth of [[Laurence Bataille]], daughter of [[Georges Bataille ]] and Sylvia Maklès.* August-September [[work ]] placement at the Burghölzli clinic in Zürich.* July Arranges to meet Salvador Dalí who has published “The rotten donkey” in July 1930. His poetic praise of paranoia has attracted Lacan's attention. Lacan and Salvador Dalí remain friends all their lives. [[Friendship ]] with the novelist Pierre Drieu La Rochelle. From 1929 to 1933 Lacan is the lover of Olesia Sienkiewicz, Drieu's estranged second wife. August–September Lacan takes a two-month training course at the Burgh ölzli clinic in Z ürich.
* Lacan translates Freud’s paper ‘Some Neurotic Mechanisms in Jealousy, Paranoia and Homosexuality’ (1922b[1921]).
* June Lacan starts his [[analysis ]] with Rudolph [[Loewenstein ]] (1898-1976).
* November Lacan obtains his doctor’s title with a thesis on paranoia. His dissertation is published by Le François and Lacan sends a copy to Freud, who acknowledges receipt by postcard.
* Publication of Lacan's translation of Freud's “Some neurotic mechanisms in jealousy, paranoia and homosexuality” for the Revue française de psychanalyse. June Lacan begins his analysis with Rudolph Loewenstein. November Lacan [[defends ]] his thesis on paranoia, published as De la psychose paranoïaque dans ses rapports avec la personnalité (Paris: Le François, 1932).* September 7 - Date of the medical thesis presented by [[Jacques Lacan ]] De la psychose paranoïaque dans ses rapports à la personnalité (Of paranoid psychosis in its relationship to personality) (France)
Lacan attends these lectures regularly over the following years.
* Because of his thesis he becomes a specialist in paranoia. The richness of his text and the [[multiplicity ]] of its aspects appealed to very different circles, especially the analysis of the case of Aimée make him famous with the Surrealists. Between this year and 1939, he takes Kojève's course at the Ecole Pratique des Hautes [[Etudes]], an "Introduction to the reading of Hegel." He publishes ''Motifs du crime paranoïque: le crime des soeurs Papin''. Minotaure 3/4.* Lacan falls in [[love ]] with [[Marie-Louise Blondin]], the sister of his friend [[Sylvain Blondin ]] (1901-1975).* October Lacan starts attending the seminar on Hegel’s [[Phenomenology of Spirit ]] by [[Alexandre Kojève ]] (1902-[[1968]]) at the Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, where he meets Georges Bataille and Raymond Queneau (1903-1976).
* Lacan publishes a sonnet, “Hiatus Irrationalis, ” in Le Phare de Neuilly 3/4. He meets Marie-Louise Blondin, the sister of his friend Sylvain Blondin. October Lacan attends Alexander Kojève's seminar on Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit at the Ecole pratique des hautes études. There he meets Georges Bataille and Raymond Queneau, both of whom will remain friends. He publishes “The problem of style and the psychiatric conception of paranoiac forms of experience” and “Motivations of paranoid crime: the crime of the Papin sisters” in the Surrealist journal Le Minotaure 1 and 3/4.
* 29 January Lacan marries Marie-Louise Blondin.
* November Lacan becomes a candidate member (membre adhérent) of the SPP.
* Marc-François Lacan is ordained priest.
* 3 August Lacan attends the 14th Congress of the IPA at Marienbad (Máriánské Lézně, Czech Republic), where he presents ‘Le stade du miroir’.
* 3 August Lacan attends the 14th congress of the [[International Psychoanalytic Association ]] at Marienbad, where he presents his paper on the [[Mirror Stage|mirror stage]]. After ten minutes, he is brutally interrupted by Ernest [[Jones]]. Quite upset, Lacan leaves the conference. He will never submit his text for publication.
* 8 January birth of Caroline Marie Image Lacan, first child of Lacan and Marie-Louise Blondin.
* 8 January Birth of Caroline, first child of Lacan and Marie-Louise Blondin.
decides not to attend the small gathering organised in Freud's honour.
* Becomes a full member of the SPP. Lectures at the S.P.P. on De l'impulsion au [[complexe ]] where he argues for a "primordial [[structural ]] stage" called "stage of the [[fragmented body ]] in the [[development ]] of the ego." At this stage "pure [[drives]]" (''la [[pulsion ]] à l'état pur'') would appear in states of "[[horror]]" inseparable from a "[[passive ]] beatitude." To [[defend ]] his thesis, he presents two cases of [[patients ]] at length. He publishes ''La famille: Encyclopédie française'', Vol. 8.
* Writes a long text on the family for the Encyclopédie française commissioned by Henri Wallon (1879-1962) and Lucien Febvre (1878-1956).
* Lacan starts a relationship with Sylvia Maklès-Bataille.
* 5 June on his way to London, [[Sigmund Freud ]] stops in Paris, where [[Marie Bonaparte ]] organizes a party in his honour. Lacan does not attend.
* December Lacan finishes his analysis with Loewenstein and becomes a full member (membre titulaire) of the SPP.
* Lacan writes a long article on the family for the Encyclopédie française. The essay, commissioned by Henri Wallon and Lucien Febvre, is found too dense and has to be rewritten several [[times]]. Its final title is “Family [[complexes ]] in the [[formation ]] of the [[individual]]. An attempt at analysis of a function in psychology” (“Les Complexes familiaux dans la formation de l'[[individu]]. Essai d'[[analyse ]] d'une function en psychologie”, AE, pp. 23–84).
* Lacan starts a relationship with Sylvia Maklès-Bataille, who has separated from Georges Bataille in 1934. December Lacan finishes his analysis with Loewenstein and is made a full member of the Société psychanalytique de Paris.
hospital in Paris.
* 27 August birth of Thibaut Lacan, second child of Lacan and Marie-Louise Blondin.
* 27 August Birth of Thibaud, second child of Lacan and Marie-Louise Blondin.
* 23 September [[death ]] of Sigmund Freud in London.
* 26 November birth of Sibylle Lacan, third child of Lacan and Marie-Louise Blondin.
* June When the Vichy regime is put in [[place]], the Société psychanalytique de Paris (despite some efforts at imitating the German Psychoanalytic Society) suspends all its activities.
* 26 November Birth of Sybille Lacan, third child of Lacan and Marie-Louise Blondin.
* Spring Lacan moves to 5, rue de Lille in Paris, where he will continue to see patients until his death.
* 3 July birth of [[Judith Bataille]], daughter of Lacan and Sylvia Maklès-Bataille.
* 15 December Lacan and Marie-Louise Blondin are officially divorced.
* Spring Lacan moves to 5 rue de Lille, where his office will be located until his death. After his death, a commemorating plaque was put on the façade.
* September Lacan travels to England, where he studies the practice of British psychiatry during the war.
* September Lacan travels to England, where he stays five weeks to study the practice of British psychiatry during the war. He meets W. R. Bion and is very impressed by him. Two years later, [[writing ]] [[about ]] this meeting, Lacan will praise the heroism of the British [[people ]] during the war.
* The SPP resumes its activities.
* 9 August divorce of Sylvia Maklès and Georges Bataille.
* Lacan publishes a report of his visit to England.
* In 1946, the S.P.P. resumes its activities and Lacan, with Nacht and Lagache, takes charge of training [[analyses ]] and supervisory controls and plays an important [[theoretical ]] and institutional [[role]]. After visiting London in 1945 he publishes ''La Psychiatrique anglaise et la guerre, in Evolution psychiatrique''.
* Lacan becomes a member of the Teaching Committee (Commission de l’Enseignement) of the SPP.
* 21 November Death of Lacan’s mother.
* 17 July Lacan attends the 16th Congress of the IPA in Zürich, where he presents another paper on the mirror-stage.
* Lacan meets Claude [[Lévi-Strauss]]. Beginning of a long friendship. * 17 July Lacan attends the 16th congress of the International Psychoanalytic Association in Z ürich. He presents the second version of his paper on the mirror stage (E/S, pp. 1–7). In a climate of [[ideological ]] war between the British Kleinians and the American “Anna-Freudians” (a clear majority), the French second generation, following the philosophy of Marie Bonaparte, tries to occupy a different [[space]]. Dissident luminaries include Daniel Lagache, Sacha Nacht, and Lacan, often assisted by his friend Françoise Dolto. Lacan dominates the French group and gathers around him brilliant theoreticians such as Wladimir Granoff, Serge Leclaire, and François Perrier. He gives a seminar on Freud's [[Dora ]] case.
* 2 May ‘Some Reflections on the Ego’, lecture at the British Psychoanalytic Society.
* Lacan introduces [[psychoanalytical ]] sessions of variable length in his practice, a technical innovation which is condemned as soon as it becomes known to the other members of the Société psychanalytique de Paris. He begins to give weekly seminars at 3 rue de Lille. * 2 May Lacan reads “Some reflections on the ego” to the members of the British Psycho-Analytical Society. This will be his first publication in [[English ]] in the International Journal of Psychoanalysis (1953).
* Lacan gives a seminar on Freud's Wolf-Man case.
* Summer Sacha Nacht (1901-1977), president of the SPP, presents his views on the organization of a new training institute (Institut de Psychanalyse).
* December Nacht resigns as director of the Institute, and Lacan is elected new director ad interim.
* Lacan marries Sylvia Bataille and becomes president of the SPP. In June Daniel Lagache, Juliette Favez-Boutonier and Françoise Dolto resign from the SPP to found the Société Française de Psychanalyse (SFP). Soon after, Lacan resigns from the SPP and joins the SFP.
* Lacan opens the inaugural meeting of the SFP on the 8 July, where he delivers a lecture on 'the [[symbolic]], [[the imaginary ]] and the real'.* He is informed by [[letter ]] that his membership of the IPA
has lapsed as a result of his resignation from the SPP. In September
Lacan attends the sixteenth Conference of Psychoanalysts of the Romance [[Languages ]] in Rome; the paper he writes for the occasion ('The function and field of [[speech ]] and language in psychoanalysis') is too long to be read aloud and is distributed to participants instead.
* In November Lacan begins his first public seminar in the Hôpital Sainte-Anne. These seminars, which will continue for twenty-seven years, soon become the principal platform for Lacan's teaching.
* In his [[project ]] for the statutes of the S.P.P. Lacan organizes the curriculum around four types of seminars: commentaries of the official [[texts ]] (particularly Freud's), courses on controlled technique, clinical and [[phenomenological ]] critique, and [[Child Analysis|child analysis]]. A large amount of [[freedom ]] of [[choice ]] is [[left ]] to students in training. In January Lacan is elected President of the S.P.P. Six months later he resigns to join the Société Française de Psychanalyse ([[S.F.P]].) with D. Lagache, F. Dolto, J. Favez-Boutonier among others. (At S.F.P.'s first meeting, Lacan lectures on "Le [[Symbolique]], l'[[Imaginaire ]] et le [[Réel]]"). Nevertheless the S.F.P. is allowed to be present in Rome where Lacan delivers his report: "[[Fonction et champ de la parole et du langage]]," [[discourse ]] in which, for once, remarks Lagache with [[humor]], "he is in no way Mallarmean." On July 17 he marries Sylvia Maklès, mother of Judith. That Fall Lacan starts his seminars at the Hôpital Sainte-Anne.* ''The Neurotic's Individual [[Myth]]: Psychoanalytic Quarterly'', 1979.* 20 January Lacan is elected president of the SPP, and Nacht regains [[control ]] of the Institute.
* 16 June Lacan resigns as president of the SPP. Creation of the Société Française de Psychanalyse (SFP) by Daniel Lagache (1903-1972), Françoise Dolto (1908-1988) and Juliette Favez-Boutonnier (1903-1994); Lacan joins soon after.
* July the members of the SFP are informed that they do not belong to the IPA anymore.
* 8 July Lacan gives the opening lecture at the SFP on [[the symbolic]], the imaginary and the real.
* 17 July marriage of Lacan and Sylvia Maklès.
* 26 September Lacan delivers his ‘Rome Discourse’, ‘The [[Function and Field of Speech and Language ]] in Psychoanalysis’.
* 18 November Lacan starts his first public seminar at Sainte-Anne Hospital with a series of lectures on Freud’s papers on technique. The public seminars will be held until June 1980. Simultaneously, Lacan conducts weekly clinical presentations at Sainte-Anne Hospital.
* 20 January Lacan is elected president of the Société psychanalytique de Paris.
* 16 June Lacan resigns as president of the Société psychanalytique de Paris. Creation of the Société française de psychanalyse (SFP) by Daniel Lagache, Françoise Dolto, and Juliette Boutonnier. Soon after, Lacan joins the SFP.
* July The members of the SFP learn that they have been excluded from the [[International Psycho-Analytical Association]]. Introduced by Lagache, Lacan gives the opening lecture at the SFP on the three [[registers ]] of [[the Imaginary]], [[the Symbolic]], and [[the Real]].
* 17 July Lacan and Sylvia Maklès are married.
* 26 September In his “Rome “[[Rome Discourse|Rome discourse]], ” Lacan presents “Function and field of speech and language in psychoanalysis” (E/S, pp. 30–113, original talk in AE, pp. 133–64), a veritable manifesto. In this pyrotechnical display showing all the facets of his [[culture]], Lacan introduces the [[doctrine ]] of the [[signifier]]. Among many crucial theoretical pronouncements, the “Rome discourse” justifies the practice of the variable-length [[session]]. Françoise Dolto speaks after Lacan and Lagache and expresses her support for the new movement.
* 18 November Lacan starts his public seminar at Sainte-Anne hospital with a close reading of Freud's papers on technique (later S I). He also conducts weekly clinical presentations of patients.
* September 26-27 - Following the 16th Conference of Romance Language Psychoanalysts, [[Jacques lacan|Jacques Lacan ]] gives his "Rome Report": "Function and Range of Speech and Language in Psychoanalysis" (France)
* July the IPA rejects the SFP’s request for affiliation.
* August-September Lacan entertains Heidegger and his wife at his summer-house.
* Easter Accompanied by his [[analysand ]] Jean Beaufret, a disciple and translator of Heidegger, Lacan pays a visit to [[Martin Heidegger ]] in Freiburg and Beaufret [[acts ]] as an interpreter between the two thinkers.* July The [[International Psycho-analytical Association|International Psycho-Analytical Association ]] rejects the SFP's petition for affiliation. * September At the occasion of the Cerisy conference devoted to the work of Heidegger, Lacan invites the German [[philosopher ]] and his wife to spend a few days in his country house at Guitrancourt. * 7 November Lacan reads “The [[Freudian Thing]], or the [[meaning ]] of the [[return to Freud ]] in psychoanalysis” at the Neuro-psychiatric clinic of Vienna (E, pp. 401–36).
* The SFP renews its request for IPA affiliation, which is again refused. Lacan again appears to be the main sticking-point.
* "The flexibility of the S.F.P. increases Lacan's audience. Celebrities are attracted to his seminars (Hyppolite's analysis of Freud's article on DénégationDé[[négation]], given during the first seminar, is a well-known example). Koyré on [[Plato]], Lévi-Strauss, Merleau-Ponty, Griaule, the ethnologist, Benvéniste among others attend his courses.* "[[Fetishism]]: The Symbolic, The Real and The Imaginary" (in collaboration with W. Granoff), in S. Lorand and M. [[Balint]], eds.,''Perversions: [[Psychodynamics ]] and [[Therapy]]'', New York: Random House, 1956.* ''Le séminaire, Livre III: [[Les psychoses]]'', Paris: Seuil, 1981; ''The Seminar, Book III: [[The Psychoses]], 1955 - 56'', New York: Norton, 1993.* Winter first issue of the journal [[La Psychanalyse]], containing Lacan’s ‘Rome Discourse’ and his translation of Heidegger’s ‘Logos’ (1951).* Winter Publication of the first issue of La Psychanalyse with Lacan's “Rome discourse” and his translation of the first part of Heidegger's essay “Logos“[[Logos]], ” a commentary on [[Heraclitus]]' fragment 50.
* The SFP again renews its request for IPA affiliation. This time the IPA sets up a committee to evaluate the SFP's application.
* The first issue of ''La Psychanalyse'' from 1956 is entirely devoted to Lacan: it includes the Rome report and discourse with the discussions that followed with Lacan's response, the commentaries from [[Seminar I ]] on Hyppolite's analysis of denegation and Lacan'S translation of Heidegger's ''Logos''. In a following issue Hesnard will comment on ''[[Wo Es war, soll Ich werden|Wo es war, soll Ich werden]]'' that according to Lacan the "I" must come to the place where the "id" was: "là où était le 'ça' 'je' dois advenir." This opposes the S.P.P.'s translation: "the ego must [[drive ]] out [[The Id|the id]]."* ''Le séminaire, Livre VI: Le [[désir ]] et son [[interpretation]]'', unpublished.
* July the SFP renews its request for affiliation to the IPA.
* Nomination of a committee of enquiry.
* The IPA committee arrives in Paris to interview members of the SFP and produces a report. On consideration of this report, the IPA rejects the SFP's application for affiliation as a member society and grants it instead 'study-group' status pending further investigation.
* At the colloqium on [[dialectic ]] organized by Jean Wahl at Royaumont the previous year, Lacan defends three assertions: psychoanalysis, insofar as it elaborates its theory from its praxis, must have a [[scientific ]] status; the Freudian discoveries have radically changed the concepts of subject, of [[knowledge]], and of desire; the analytic field is the only one from where it is possible to efficiently interrogate the insufficiencies of science and philosophy. This major [[intervention ]] will appear in Écrits as "[[Subversion ]] of [[the Subject ]] and Dialectic of Desire in the Freudian Unconscious," where the subject of psychoanalysis is neither Hegel's absolute subject nor the abolished subject of science. It is a subject [[divided ]] by the emergence of the signifier. As to the [[subject of the unconscious]], it is [[impossible ]] to [[know ]] who speaks. It is "the pure subject of the [[enunciation]]," which the pronoun "I" indicates but does not [[signify]]. Yet the key concept is that of desire: "it is precisely because desire is articulated that it is not articulable in a signifyng [[chain]]."* ''Le séminaire, Livre VIII: Le [[transfert]]'', Paris: Seuil, 1991.
* August the SFP is accepted as an IPA Study Group on the condition that Lacan and Dolto are progressively removed from their training positions.
* August A progressive reintegration of the SFP within the International Psycho-Analytical Association is accepted on the condition that Françoise Dolto and Lacan be demoted from their positions as training analysts.
* The IPA committee conducts more interviews with SFP members and produces another report in which it recommends that the SFP be granted affiliation as a member society on condition
that Lacan and two other analysts be removed from the list of training
analysts. The report also stipulates that Lacan's training activity
should be banned for ever, and that [[trainee ]] analysts should be prevented
from attending his seminar. Lacan will later refer to this as his
'[[excommunication]]'. Lacan then resigns from the SFP.* In January, Serge Leclaire succeeds Lacan as president of the S.F.P. In May, envoys from the I.P.A visit Paris and meet with Leclaire. Not only they express doubts about Lacan's attitude towards Freud (he studies Freud's texts obsessionally, in the manner of medieval schoolar) they also [[claim ]] that Lacan manipulates [[transference ]] through the short session: he must be excluded from the training courses. At the Congress of Stockholm, in July, the I.P.A. votes an ultimatum: within three months Lacan's name has to be crossed off the list of didacticians. Everything is organized to reorient his students in [[training analysis ]] towards others analysts, thanks to a committee supervised by the I.P.A. Two weeks before the expiration of the deadline fixed by the I.P.A. (October 31), Lagache, Granoff and Favez advance a motion calling for Lacan's name to be removed from the list of training analysts: the committee of didacticians of the S.F.P. gives up its courageous position of 1962. On November 19 a general meeting has to make a final decision on I.P.A.'s [[conditions ]] regarding Lacan. Lacan then writes a letter to Leclaire announcing he will not attend the meeting because he can foresee the [[disavowal]]. Thus, on Novembre 19, the members' majority takes the position in favor of the ban. As a result of it Leclaire and Dolto resign from office. During the night Lacan learns the decision made at the meeting: he no longer is one of the didacticians. The next day, his seminar on "The Names-of-the-Father" is to start at Sainte-Anne: he announces its end. Fragments of it are published in ''L'excommunication''* ''Le séminaire, Livre X: L'[[angoisse]]'', Paris: Seuil, 2004.
* August the IPA stipulates that the SFP will lose its status if Lacan continues to be involved in training matters.
* 19 November a majority of SFP members decides to accept the IPA recommendation.
* 20 November first and final session of Lacan’s seminar on ‘The Names-of-the-Father’.
* April Lacan publishes “Kant “[[Kant]] with Sade” in Critique, one of his most important theoretical essays devoted to desire, the law, and [[perversion ]] (E, pp. 765–90).
* August 2 The International Psycho-Analytical Association reaffirms that the SFP will lose its affiliated status if Lacan remains as a training analyst.
* 19 November The majority of the SFP analysts accept the International Psycho-Analytical Association's ultimatum. After ten years of teaching his seminar at Sainte-Anne, Lacan is obliged to stop. He holds a final session on “The names of the father” (T, pp. 80–95)
* In January Lacan moves his public seminar to the École Normale Supérieure, and in June he founds his own organisation, the École Freudienne de Paris (EFP).
* Lacanians [[form ]] a Study Group on Psychoanalysis organized by Jean Clavreul, until Lacan officially founds L'Ecole Française de Psychanalyse. Soon it becomes L'[[Ecole freudienne de paris|Ecole Freudienne de Paris ]] (E.F.P.). "I hereby found the Ecole Française de Psychanalyse, by myself, as alone as I have ever been in my relation to the psychoanalytic [[cause]]." The E.F.P. is organized on the basis of three sections: pure psychoanalysis (doctrine, training and supervision), applied psychoanalysis (the [[cure]], casuistics, psychiatric information), and the Freudian field (commentaries on the psychoanalytic movement, articulation with related [[sciences]], [[ethics of psychoanalysis]]).With Lévi-Strauss and [[Althusser]]'s support, he is appointed lecturer at the Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes. He begins his new seminar on "[[The four fundamental concepts of psychoanalysis|The Four Fundamental Concepts of Psychoanalysis]]" in January in the Dussane room at the Ecole Normale Supérieure (in his first session he thanks the generosity of Fernand [[Braudel ]] and [[Claude Lévi-Strauss]]).* ''Le séminaire, Livre XI: [[Les quatre concepts fondamentaux de la psychanalyse]]'', Paris: Seuil, 1973. ''The Seminar, Book XI: The Four Fundamental Concepts of Psychoanalysis'', New York: Norton, 1981.* After extensive [[legal ]] proceedings, Judith adopts the name of her father.* January Lacan starts a seminar on the foundations of psychoanalysis at the Ecole Normale Supérieure (Rue d’Ulm, Paris), where he lectures under the auspices of the Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, a post for which Claude Lévi-Strauss and [[Louis Althusser ]] have intervened on his behalf.
* 21 June Lacan founds the Ecole Freudienne de Paris (EFP).
* October final issue (8) of La Psychanalyse.
* January Lacan starts his seminar at the Ecole normale supérieure, rue d'Ulm, under the administrative control of the Ecole pratique des hautesétudes. Claude Lévi-Strauss and Louis Althusser have intervened on his behalf to secure the room. This seminar, devoted to the Four Fundamental Concepts of Psychoanalysis, finds a broader and more [[philosophical ]] audience. * June Lacan founds the Ecole française de psychanalyse. His “Act of foundation” dramatizes his sense of heroic solitude (“I hereby found – as alone as I have always been in my relation to the psychoanalytic cause – the Ecole française de psychanalyse, whose direction, concerning which [[nothing ]] at present prevents me from answering for, I shall undertake during the next four years to assure”). Three months later it changes its name to the [[Ecole freudienne ]] de Paris. Lacan launches a new associative [[model ]] for his school; study groups called “cartels“[[cartels]], ” made up of four or five people, are constituted, including one person who reports on the [[progress ]] of the group.* June 21 - Jacques Lacan founds theÉcole Française de Psychanalyse (French School of Psychoanalysis), which will be renamedÉcole freudienne de Paris ([[Freudian School of Paris]]) in September 1964
* 19 January Dissolution of the SFP.
* June Lacan arranges a meeting with Marguerite Duras after the publication of The Ravishing of Lol V. Stein, a novel that describes psychosis in terms similar to his. When they meet up late one night in a bar, he says to her enthusiastically, so as to congratulate her: “You don't know what you are saying!”
* Publishes first book: ''Escrits''. The project of publishing Lacan's twenty-five annual semianrs is undertaken by his son-in-law and director of his school, Jacques-Alain Miller. There is increasing interest in his work in France and abroad.
* Lacan wants to continue to train analysts, his first priority. Yet, at the same time, his teaching is adressed to the non analysts, and thus he raises these questions: Is psychoanalysis a science? Under what conditions is it a science? If it is-the "science of the unconscious" or a "conjectural science of the subject"-what can it, in turn, teach us about science? Cahiers pour l'Analyse, the journal of the Cercle d'Epistémologie at the E.N.S. is founded by [[Alain Grosrichard]], Alain [[Badiou]], [[Jean-Claude Milner]], François Regnault and Jacques-Alain Miller among others. It publishes texts by Lacan in three of its issues that very year. In July [[Judith Lacan ]] marries Jacques-Alain Miller.
* ''Écrits'', Paris: Seuil, 1966. Écrits, A Selection, New York: Norton, 1977. The French version immediately became a best-seller and draws considerable public attention to the école far beyond the intelligentsia.
* ''Le séminaire, Livre XIII: [[L'objet de la psychanalyse]]'', unpublished.
* January first issue of the journal Cahiers pour I ‘analyse.
* February-March Lacan presents six lectures in the US on the topic of ‘desire and demand’, organized by Roman [[Jakobson ]] (1896-1982) (Columbia [[University]], MIT, Harvard University, The University of Detroit, The University of Michigan, The University of Chicago).* 18-21 October Lacan attends an international [[symposium ]] at the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, MD on ‘The Languages of Criticism and the Sciences of Man’, where he presents ‘Of Structure as an Inmixing of an [[Otherness ]] Prerequisite to Any Subject Whatever’.* November publication of [[Ecrits]]. Lacan sends a copy to Heidegger.
* December marriage of Judith Lacan and Jacques-Alain Miller.
* January First issue of the [[Cahiers pour l'analyse]], a review produced by younger epistemologists of the Ecole normale supérieure who publish serious articles on Lacan's concepts.
* February–March Lacan gives a series of lectures at six North American universities, including Columbia, Harvard, and MIT.
* 18–21 October Lacan attends an international symposium entitled “The Languages of Criticism and the Sciences of Man” at Johns Hopkins University. He participates actively in the debate on [[Structuralism ]] and presents his paper “Of “[[Of Structure as an Inmixing of an Otherness Prerequisite to Any Subject Whatever|Of structure as an inmixing of an Otherness prerequisite to any subject whatever]].” In a text as dense as its title, Lacan [[quotes ]] Frege and Russell, explaining that his motto that the unconscious is “structured “[[structured]] as a language” is in fact a tautology, since “structured” and “as a language” are synonymous. He states memorably: “The best image to sum up the unconscious is Baltimore in the early morning.”
* November Publication of Ecrits. Surprisingly, the thick (924 pages) book sells very well. December Marriage of Judith Lacan and Jacques-Alain Miller.
* Écrits by Jacques Lacan published (France)
* 9 October Lacan launches the new procedure of the “pass” (la passe) as a final examination allowing one to become a training analyst in his school.
* October 9 - Jacques Lacan proposes under the name "la passe" an enabling [[process ]] adapted to the Freudian School of Paris (France)
* Student uprising in Paris, the 'May events'. The publication of the first issue of the official journal of the Freudian School, ''Scilicet''.
* The novelty of the proposition of 1967 lies in the modification of access to the title of Analyst of the Ecole (A.E.), a rank superior to that of Member Analyst of the Ecole (A.M.E.). The analysts appointed as A.E. are those who have volunteered for the passe and have come victorious out of the trial. The ''passe'' consists of testifying, in front of two passeurs, to one's [[experience ]] as an analysand and especially to the crucial [[moment ]] of passage from the position of analysand to that of analyst. The ''passeurs'' are chosen by their analysts (generally analysts of the école) and should be at the same stage in their [[analytic experience ]] as the passant. They listen to him and then, in turn, they testify to what thay have heard in front of a committee for approval composed of the director, Lacan, and of some A.E. This committee's function is to select the analysts of the école and to elaborate, after the selecting process, a "work of doctrine."* ''Le séminaire, Livre XV: [[L'acte psychanalytique]]'', unpublished.
* Autumn publication of the first issue of the journal Scilicet.
* December opening of the Department of Psychoanalysis at the Centre Experimental Universitaire de [[Vincennes]]. Serge Leclaire is appointed director of the department.* Autumn Publication of the first issue of Scilicet, a journal whose motto is “You can know what the [[Ecole freudienne de Paris ]] thinks” and in which all articles are unsigned except Lacan's.
* December The department of psychoanalysis is created at the University of Vincennes (later Paris VIII) with Serge Leclaire as its director.
* January lectures in the Department of Psychoanalysis commence.
* March the introduction of the pass provokes a schism within the EFP, leading to the creation of the Organisation Psychanalytique de [[Langue ]] Française (OPLF).* November Lacan moves his seminar to the Faculté de [[Droit ]] (Place du Panthéon) in Paris.* March The introduction of the practice of the “pass” as a sort of final examination provokes a rebellion at the Ecole freudienne de Paris and a splinter group is created by [[Lacanian ]] “barons” such as François Périer and Piera Aulagnier. * November Having been [[forced ]] to leave the Ecole normale supérieure, Lacan now holds his weekly seminar at the law faculty on the place du Panthéon. It draws even bigger crowds.
* ''Le séminaire, Livre XVII: L'envers de la psychanalyse'', Paris: Seuil, 1991.
* September Leclaire resigns as director of the Department of Psychoanalysis, and is succeeded by Jean Clavreul.
* "L'étourdit" ''Scilicet'' 4.
* ''Le séminaire, Livre XIX: ... ou pire'', unpublished.
* 9 February Lacan introduces the Borromean [[knot ]] during his seminar, and starts pondering ways in which three interlocking circles can be tied together.
* 30 May death of Caroline Lacan-Roger.
* Publication of Seminar XI, the first of a series edited by Jacques-Alain Miller, at [[Editions du Seuil]]. * March Prodded by a growing number of feminists among his students, Lacan introduces in his seminar the “formulas “[[formulas]] of [[sexuation]], ” which demonstrate that sexuality is not determined by biology, since another, so-called “feminine” position (i.e. not determined by the [[phallus]]) is also available to all speaking [[subjects ]] next to the phallic law giving access to [[universality]].
* 30 May Death of Caroline Lacan-Roger in a road accident.
* The Department of Psychoanalysis at Vincennes is reorganized and Jacques-Alain Miller becomes its new director.
* The department of psychoanalysis is reorganized with Jacques-Alain Miller as its director.
* 16 June Lacan opens the 5th International James Joyce Symposium in Paris.
* November-December lecture tour in the US (Yale University 24-25 November; Columbia University 1 December; MIT 2 December 1975).
* First issue of the journal Ornicar? It publishes Lacanian articles and the texts of some seminars.
* 16 June Invited by Jacques Aubert, Lacan gives the opening lecture at the Paris International James Joyce Symposium. He proposes the idea of “Joyce le [[sinthome]].” November–December Second lecture tour in the United States. Lacan goes to Yale, Columbia, and MIT, where he has discussions with Quine and [[Chomsky]].
* Publication in English of ''Ecrits - A Selection''.
* ''Le séminaire, Livre XXIV: L'insu que sait de l'une bévue s'aile à mourre, in Ornicar? 12/13''.
* Publication of [[Ecrits: A Selection ]] and Seminar XI: The Four Fundamental Concepts of Psychoanalysis both translated by Alan [[Sheridan]]. Lacan writes a new preface for the English translation of Seminar XI.
* Lacan unilaterally announces the dissolution of the Ecole Freudienne de Paris. The foundation of La Cause freduienne.
* ''Le séminaire, Livre XXV: [[Le moment de conclure]]''. One session only published as "Une pratique de bavardage," ''Ornicar?'' 19.
* 5 January Lacan dissolves the EFP.
* 12-15 July Lacan presides the first international conference of the [[Fondation du Champ Freudien ]] in Caracas.* October creation of the Ecole de [[La Cause freudienne|la Cause Freudienne ]] (ECF).
* 10 October Lacan conducts his final case-presentation.
* Autumn After a minor car accident, Lacan appears tired and is often silent for long periods of time even in his seminars, in which his discourse tends to be replaced by mute demonstrations of new twists on [[Borromean knots]].
* Creation of the Fondation du champ freudien, directed by Judith Miller.
* ''Le séminaire, Livre XXVII: Dissolution, in Ornicar?'' 20/21.
* January Lacan dissolves the Ecole freudienne de Paris by a “Letter of Dissolution” mailed to all members and dated 5 January 1980. It presents Lacan as a “père “[[père]] sévère” (strict father) who can “persévérer” (persevere) alone. All the members of the school are invited to write a letter directly to him if they want to follow him in the creation of a new institution. He mentions the price Freud has “had to pay for having permitted the psychoanalytic group to win over discourse, becoming a church” (T, p. 130). The Cause freudienne is created. 12–15 July Lacan presides at the first International Conference of the Fondation du champ freudien in Caracas. October Creation of the [[Ecole de la Cause freudienne|Ecole de la cause freudienne]].
* September 9, Lacan dies in Paris.
* Lacan dies in Paris at the age of eighty.
* Death of Marie-Louise Blondin.
* Jacques-Alain Miller wins a legal battle over the rights to edit and publish Lacan’s seminars.
* Jacques-Alain Miller wins a legal battle confirming his rights as editor of Lacan's Seminars and sole literary executor. Twenty years after Lacan's death, France has the highest ratio of psychoanalysts per capita in the world, with some five thousand analysts. There are more than twenty psychoanalytic [[associations ]] in France, at least fifteen of which are Lacanian in their inspiration.
* Death of Laurence Bataille.
* Death of Sylvia Maklès-Lacan.
* Death of Marc-François Lacan.
life. This chronology has been compiled on the basis of the information
provided by Bowie (1991: 204-13), Macey (1988: ch. 7) and, above all,
(1981) and Schneiderman (1983).
=====BIo=====
In 1919 he started his medical training in the Faculté de Médecine in Paris. From 1926 onwards he began his specialisation in psychiatry and, in the same year, he co-authored his first publication which appeared in the Revue Neurologique. Very soon he becomes interne des asiles and then, in 1932, Chef de Clinique. He worked for three years in the area of forensic medicine and, in 1932, he received his doctorate diploma in psychiatry. He published his thesis which is entitled De la psychose paranoiaque dans ses rapports avec la personnalité (On Paranoid Psychosis in its Relations to the Personality). He posted a copy of his doctoral dissertation to Freud who acknowledged receipt by sending him a postcard. In the same year, his translation of Freud’s article ‘Some Neurotic Mechanisms in Jealousy, Paranoia and Homosexuality’ was published in the Revue Française de Psychanalyse.
The 1930s marked the development of Lacan’s relation to the psychoanalytic and the surrealist movement. He started his [[Training Analysis|training analysis ]] with Rudolph Loewenstein who later, after moving to the United States, became one of the founding fathers and champions of Ego-[[Psychology]]. He joined the Société Psychanalytique de Paris (SPP), the [[French Psychoanalytic Society|French psychoanalytic society ]] officially recognised by the International Psychoanalytic Association (IPA), first, in 1934, as a candidate member, and then, in 1938, as a full member (Membre Titulaire). At the same time he became involved in the French surrealist movement. He developed a friendship with Breton and Dalí and published articles in a series of surrealist publications including the journal Minotaure. But his interest in intellectual matters did not end here. He met James Joyce and became well acquainted with the work of Jaspers and Heidegger and, of course, Hegel, by attending (together with Queneau, Bataille, Merleau-Ponty, Aron, Klossowski and others) [[The Seminars|the seminars ]] on Hegel given by Alexandre [[Kojeve ]] at the École Pratique des Hautes Études.
In 1934 he married Marie-Louise Blondin. Together they had three children; Caroline, born in 1934, Thibaut, in 1939, and Sibylle in 1940. Their marriage lasted until 1941. In 1939 Lacan began a relationship with Sylvia Bataille, an actress formerly married to George Bataille, and 1941 marked the birth of their daughter, Judith. He married Sylvia in 1953.
After the war, Lacan was recognised as one of the major theorists of the SPP and, as a member of its training committee, he introduced new statutes, making psychoanalytic training available to non-medical candidates. Eventually he was elected president of the SPP but this development produced a lot of controversy and a series of disagreements often focusing on Lacan’s technique (including his introduction of analytic [[Sessions of Variable Duration|sessions of variable duration]]). The controversy led to the formation, mainly by Lagache, of a new psychoanalytic society, the Société Française de Psychanalyse (SFP). Lacan resigned from the SPP and joined the SFP in 1953. In the same year he started his public seminar (he was conducting a private seminar from 1951) at the Sainte-Anne hospital. In 1956 the SFP launched its journal; the first issue was devoted to the work of Lacan. He translated Heidegger’s paper ‘Logos’ which was published in La Psychanalyse. The influence of his friend Claude Lévi-Strauss as well as that of structural linguistics (Saussure and Jakobson) was becoming increasingly [[apparent ]] in his work.
The SFP applied for [[recognition ]] by the International Psychoanalytic Association but the IPA asked for the [[termination ]] of Lacan’s training programme. In 1963 the SFP gave in to the demands of the IPA. Lacan was effectively forced to resign from the SFP and to stop his seminar at Saint-Anne. He was invited by [[Fernand Braudel ]] to continue his seminar at the École Pratique, and, with the encouragement of Louis Althusser, he resumed his seminar in January 1964 at the École Normale Supérieure. Meanwhile, he acknowledged the importance of Foucault’s book on [[Madness ]] and Civilization. He founded the École Freudienne de Paris (EFP). A 900-page collection of his essays was published under the title Écrits, boosting his reputation both in France and internationally. While in his thesis he acknowledged the importance of Claude, Pinchon and others of his teachers in psychiatry for his development, now he considered Gaetan Gatian de Clerambault as his sole master in psychiatry, pointing out that he owed to him his [[encounter ]] with the Freudian corpus. He was invited, in 1966, to visit the United States where he addressed the conference on ‘The Languages of Criticism and the Sciences of Man’ organised at the Johns Hopkins University. In 1969 a Lacanian department of Psychoanalysis was founded at the new and controversial Université de Paris VIII at Vincennes (later to be transferred to Saint-Denis).
In 1974, Lacan reorganised the Department of Psychoanalysis at Vincennes and authorised Jacques-Alain Miller to be its chairman. A two-part interview with Lacan was broadcast by French television and, in 1975, he travelled again to the United States, where he gave lectures at Yale, Columbia University and MIT. Five years later his son-in-law was elected to the board of directors of the EFP amid a lot of controversy and accusations of nepotism. As the protest mounted, Lacan decided to dissolve unilaterally the EFP (the dissolution is ratified by the EFP on 27 September 1980). He founded the École de la Cause Freudienne and travelled to Venezuela to open the first international congress of the Fondation du Champ Freudien, which had been founded by himself and his daughter, Judith Miller, in 1979. He died in 1981.
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[[Category:Psychoanalysis]]
[[Category:Jacques Lacan]]