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[[Kleinian psychoanalysis]] is the name given to the [[school]] of [[psychoanalytic theory]] that has grown up around the pioneering workj work of the Austrian [[psychoanalyst ]] [[Melanie Klein]] (1882-1960).

[[Kleinian psychoanalysis]] first began to emerge as a distinctive [[school ]] of [[psychoanalytic theory]] during the 1940s in opposition to the group which gathered around [[Anna Freud]] after the latter's move to London.

However, it was not until after the war that other analysts [[analyst]]s began to become known as 'Kleinians' "[[Kleinian]]s" and to develop a substantial body of [[Klein]]ian [[thought]].

(These [[analysts]] included Hannal segal, Herbet Rosenfeld, Wilfred Bion and (later) Donald Meltzer.)  --  Along with the two other major non-[[Lacanian ]] [[school]]s of [[psychoanalytic theory]] ([[ego-psychology]] and [[object-relations theory]]) [[Kleinian psychoanalysis]] forms a major point of reference for [[Lacan]] against which he puts forward his own particular reading of [[Freud]].

# [[Lacan]] criticizes [[Klein]] for theorizing [[fantasy]] entirely in the [[imaginary] [[order]]. Such an approach is a misconception, argues [[Lacan]], since it fails to take into account the [[symbolic]] [[structure]] that underpins all [[imaginary]] [[formation]]s. # [[Lacan]] disagrees with [[Klein]]'s views on the early development of the [[Oedipus complex]]. For [[Lacan]], all debate on the precise dating of the [[Oedipus complex]] is futile, since it is not primarily a [[stage]] of [[development]] but a permanent [[structure]] of [[subject]]ivity.

# [[Lacan]] disagrees with [[Klein]]'s views on the early development of the [[Oedipus complex]]. For [[Lacan]], all debate on the precise dating of the [[Oedipus complex]] is futile, since it is not primarily a [[stage]] of [[development]] but a permanent [[structure]] of [[subject]]ivity. (Insofar as the [[Oedipus complex]] can be located in time, [[Lacan]] would not locate it as early as [[Klein]] does. Thus while [[Klein]] seems almost to deny the [[existence]] of a [[Preoedipal_stage|preoedipal phase]], [[Lacan]] argues that there is one.)

# Closely connected to the preceding point are [[Lacan]]'s differences with respect to "Melanie Klein's encroachments into the pre-verbal areas of the unconscious."<ref>1951.11</ref>For [[Lacan]], there are no [[pre-oedipal phase|pre-verbal ]] areas of the [[unconscious]], since the [[unconscious]] is a linguistic [[structure]].

# [[Lacan]] criticizes [[Klein]]'s interpreative interpretive style as being particularly brutal. In reference to the young [[patient]] ('Dick') whom [[Klein]] discusses in her paper on symbol formation, [[Lacan]] remarks that "she slams the symboolism symbolism on him with complete brutality."<ref>{{S1}} p.68</ref>

He also states that [[Melanie Klein]] is certainly more faithful to [[Freud]] than [[Anna Freud]] regarding the theory of [[transference]].<ref>{{S8}} p.369</ref>

In his pre-1950s writings, there are many allusions to [[Klein]]'s work on the [[mother]]-[[child]] [[dual relation|relationship ]] and the various [[imago]]s that operate in [[fantasy]].

After 1950, [[Lacan]] praises [[Klein]] for emphasizing te importance of the [[death drive]] in [[psychoanalytic theory]] and for developing the concept of the [[part-object]] (though [[Lacan]]'s formulations on this concept different greatly from [[Klein]]'s).

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