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Kleinian psychoanalysis

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==School of Psychoanalysis==
[[Kleinian psychoanalysis]] is the name given to the [[school]] of [[psychoanalytic theory]] that has grown up around the pioneering work of the Austrian [[psychoanalyst]] [[Melanie Klein]] (1882-1960).
However, it was not until after the war that other [[analyst]]s began to become known as "[[Kleinian]]s" and to develop a substantial body of [[Klein]]ian [[thought]].
(These [[analysts]] included Hannal segalSegal, Herbet Rosenfeld, Wilfred Bion and (later) Donald Meltzer.)  -- 
==Jacques Lacan==
Along with the two other major non-[[Lacanian]] [[school]]s of [[psychoanalytic theory]] ([[ego-psychology]] and [[object-relations theory]]) [[Kleinian psychoanalysis]] forms a major point of reference for [[Lacan]] against which he puts forward his own particular reading of [[Freud]].
[[Lacan]]'s criticisms of [[Klein]] are therefore important to understanding the originality of his position.
==Criticism==While it is impossible to mention all of these criticisms here, some of the moat most important of them may be summarized as follows.
# * [[Lacan]] criticizes [[Klein]] for placing too much emphasis on the [[mother]] and neglecting the role of the [[father]].<ref>{{Ec}} p.728-9</ref>
# * [[Lacan]] criticizes [[Klein]] for theorizing [[fantasy]] entirely in the [[imaginary] [[order]]. : Such an approach is a misconception, argues [[Lacan]], since it fails to take into account the [[symbolic]] [[structure]] that underpins all [[imaginary]] [[formation]]s.
# * [[Lacan]] disagrees with [[Klein]]'s views on the early development of the [[Oedipus complex]]. : For [[Lacan]], all debate on the precise dating of the [[Oedipus complex]] is futile, since it is not primarily a [[stage]] of [[development]] but a permanent [[structure]] of [[subject]]ivity. : (Insofar as the [[Oedipus complex]] can be located in time, [[Lacan]] would not locate it as early as [[Klein]] does. : Thus while [[Klein]] seems almost to deny the [[existence]] of a [[Preoedipal_stage|preoedipal phase]], [[Lacan]] argues that there is one.)
# * Closely connected to the preceding point are [[Lacan]]'s differences with respect to "Melanie Klein's encroachments into the pre-verbal areas of the unconscious."<ref>1951{{L}} "[[Works of Jacques Lacan|Some Reflections on the Ego]]", ''Int. J. Psycho-Anal''., vol. 34, 1953: p.11</ref> : For [[Lacan]], there are no [[pre-oedipal phase|pre-verbal]] areas of the [[unconscious]], since the [[unconscious]] is a [[linguistic ]] [[structure]].
# * [[Lacan]] criticizes [[Klein]]'s interpretive style as being particularly brutal. : In reference to the young [[patient]] ('Dick') whom [[Klein]] discusses in her paper on symbol formation, [[Lacan]] remarks that "she slams the symbolism on him with complete brutality."<ref>{{S1}} p.68</ref>
==Other Schools==
However, to portray [[Lacan]] as entirely critical of [[Klein]] would be to oversimplify the matter.
He certainly regards it as superior to [[ego-psychology]].
He also states that [[Melanie Klein]] is certainly more faithful to [[Freud]] than [[Anna Freud]] regarding the theory of [[transference]].<ref>{{S8}} p.369</ref>
In his pre-1950s writings, there are many allusions to [[Klein]]'s work on the [[mother]]-[[child]] [[dual relation|relationship]] and the various [[imago]]s that operate in [[fantasy]].
==See Also==
{{Also}}
* [[Death drive]]
* [[Development]]
||
* [[Ego-psychology]]
* [[Imaginary]]
||
* [[Linguistics]]
* [[Object-relations theory]]
||
* [[Oedipus complex]]
* [[Part-object]]
||
* [[Pre-Oedipal]]
* [[Symbolic]]
* [[Transference]]{{Also}}
==References==
[[Category:Terms]]
[[Category:Concepts]]
{{OK}}
 
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