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Obsessional neurosis

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{{Top}}névrose obsessionnelle{{Bottom}}
==Sigmund Freud==
===Symptoms===
[[Obsessional neurosis]] was first developed as a diagnostic [[category]] by [[Sigmund Freud]] in 1894. In doing so, [[Freud]] grouped together as one condition a series of [[symptom]]s which had been described long before but which had been linked with a variety of different diagnostic [[categories]].<ref>Laplanche, Jean and Pontalis, Jean-Bertrand. ''The [[Language]] of [[Psycho]]-[[Analysis]]'', trans. Donald Nicholson-Smith, [[London]]: Hogarth Press and the Institute of Psycho-Analysis, 1973 [1967]: 281-2</ref> These [[symptom]]s include obsessions (recurrent [[ideas]]), impulses to perform actions which seem absurd and/or abhorrent to the [[subject]], and "[[rituals]]" (compulsively repeated actions such as checking or washing).
"==Jacques Lacan=====Structure===While [[Lacan]] also sees these [[symptom]]s as typical of [[obsessional neurosis]], he argues that [[obsessional neurosis]] designates not a set of [[symptom]]s but an underlying [[structure]] which may or may not [[manifest]] itself in the [[symptom]]s typically associated with it. Thus the [[subject]] may well exhibit none of the typical obsessional [[symptom]]s and yet still be diagnosed as an [[obsessional neurotic]] by a [[Lacan]]ian [[analyst]]. ==Neurosis==Following [[Freud]], [[Lacan]] classes [[obsessional neurosis]] as one of the main forms of [[neurosis]]. ===Question of Existence===In 1956, [[Lacan]] develops the [[idea]] that, like [[hysteria]], [[obsessional neurosis]] is essentially a question which [[being]] poses for the [[subject]].<ref>{{S3}} pp. 179-80</ref> The question which constitutes [[obsessional neurosis]]" concerns the [[contingency]] of one's [[existence]] (which also testifies to the special burden of [[guilt]] felt by the [[obsessional]]); the [[obsessional]] performs some compulsive [[ritual]] because he thinks that this will enable him to escape the [[lack]] in the [[Other]], the [[castration]] of the [[Other]], which is often represented in [[fantasy]] as some terrible disaster. ===Example of Rat Man===For example, in the [[case]] of one of [[Freud]]'s [[obsessional neurotic]] [[patient]]s, whom [[Freud]] nicknamed the [[Rat Man]], the [[patient]] had developed elaborate rituals which he performed to war off the [[fear]] of a terrible [[punishment]] being inflicted on his [[father]] or on his [[beloved]].<ref>[[Freud|Freud, Sigmund]]. "[[Works of Sigmund Freud|Notes Upon a Case of Obsessional Neurosis]]," 1909d. [[SE]] X, 155</ref> ===Structure of Religion===These rituals, both in their [[form]] and [[content]], led [[Freud]] to draw parallels between the [[structure]] of [[obsessional neurosis]] and the [[structure]] of [[religion]], parallels which [[Lacan]] also [[notes]]. ===Sexual Position===Whereas the [[hysterical]] question concerns the [[subject]]'s [[névrose obsessionnellesexual position]] ("Am I a [[man]] or a [[woman]]?"), the [[obsessional neurotic]] repudiates this question, refusing both [[sexes]], calling himself neither [[male]] nor [[female]]: <blockquote>"The obsessional is precisely neither one [sex] nor the other - one may also say that he is both at once."<ref>{{S3}} p. 249</ref></blockquote> ===Attitude to Time===[[Lacan]] also draws attention to the way that the [[obsessional neurotic]]'')s question [[about]] [[existence]] and [[death]] has consequences for his attitude to [[time]]. This attitude can be one of perpetual [[hesitation]] and procrastination while waiting for [[death]],<ref>{{E}} p. 99</ref> or of considering oneself immortal because one is already [[dead]].<ref>{{S3}} p. 180</ref> ===Guilt and Anal Eroticism===Other features of [[obsessional neurosis]] which [[Lacan]] comments on are the [[sense]] of [[guilt]], and the close connection with [[anal]] [[eroticism]]. In respect of the latter, [[Lacan]] remarks that the [[Obsessional neurosis|obsessional neurotic]] does not only transform his shit into gifts and his gifts into shit, but also transforms himself into shit.<ref>{{S8}} p. 243</ref> ==See Also=={{See}}* [[Death]]* [[Existence]]||* [[Hysteria]]* [[Neurosis]]||* [[Religion]]* [[Symptom]]||* [[Structure]]* [[Treatment]]{{Also}} == References ==<div style="font-size:11px" class="references-small"><references/></div>[[Category:Dictionary]][[Category:Jacques Lacan]][[Category:Terms]][[Category:Concepts]][[Category:Psychoanalysis]][[Category:Sexuality]][[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Practice]]{{OK}} __NOTOC__
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