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Return to Freud

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{{Top}}retour à Freud{{Bottom}}
=====Overview=====
The whole of [[LacanPsychoanalysis]]'s work can only be understood within the context of the intellectual and theoretical legacy of was founded by [[Sigmund Freud]] (1856-1939, the founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[Lacan]] first trained as a [[psychoanalyst]] within the [[International Psychoanalytical Association]] ([[IPA]]), the organization founded by [[Freud]] which presented itself as the sole legitimate heir to the Freudian legacy.
HoweverPsychoanalysis originates with the work of Freud and remains rooted in his theories to this day, but every generation of [[analysts]] that came after Freud has sought to update and correct those theories, and to resolve the contradictions that he [[left]] behind. Lacanargued that through this [[process]] gradually began to develop a radical critique of continual revision psychoanalysis had lost [[sight]] of its original aims; that it had become [[conservative]] and reactionary. By playing down the more uncomfortable and disturbing aspects of the way that most [[analysttheory]], especially the underlying [[presence]] of [[repressed]], [[unconscious]], [[desire]]s in our [[mental]] lives, psychoanalysis had made itself respectable but it had lost its radical edge. In the early 1950s, therefore, Lacan famously declared the [[IPAnecessity]] had interpreted of a 'return to Freud', that is to say, a return to the [[texts]] of Freudhimself and to a close [[reading]]and [[understanding]] of those texts. For the next 26 years he would engage in this [[project]] of close reading, and in the process would reconstitute the theory of psychoanalysis.
After being expelled from the [[IPA]] in 1953, [[Lacan]] developed his polemic further, arguing that [[Freud]]'s radical insights had been universally betrayed by the three major [[school]]s of [[psychoanalysis]] within the [[IPA]]: [[ego-psychology]], [[Kleinian psychoanalysis]], and [[object-relations theory]].
To remedy this situation, [[Lacan]] proposed to lead presented a 'return to Freud', both in the sense of a renewed attention to the actual texts of Freud himself, and a return to the essence distinctive [[interpretation|reading]] of Freud's work which had been betrayed by the [[IPApsychoanalysis]].
Reading In 1951, [[FreudLacan]] in the original German allowed made his call for a "[[Lacanreturn to Freud]] to discover elements which had been obscured by poor translation and ignored by other commentators.
Thus much =====Freudian Legacy=====The [[whole]] of [[Lacan]]'s work is taken up with detailed textual commentaries on specific works by can only be [[understood]] within the context of the [[intellectual]] and [[theoretical]] legacy of [[Sigmund Freud]](1856-1939), and by numerous references to the work founder [[father]] of other analysts whose ideas [[Lacanpsychoanalysis]] refutes.
To understand [[Lacan]]'s work, therefore, it is necessary both to have first trained as a detailed understanding of [[Freudpsychoanalyst]] within the [[International Psychoanalytical Association]] ([[IPA]]'s ideas and also a grasp of ), the way these ideas were developed and modified organization founded by [[Freud]] which presented itself as the other analysts (sole legitimate heir to the 'post-Freudians') whom Lacan criticizes[[Freudian]] legacy''.
These ideas are the background against which =====Betrayal of Freud=====However, [[Lacan]] develops his own "return gradually began to develop a radical critique of the way that most [[analyst]]s in the [[IPA]] had [[interpretation|interpreted]] [[Freud]]."
<Blockquote>What such a return After [to Freud[being]] involves for me is not a return of expelled from the repressed[[IPA]] in 1953, but rather taking the antithesis constituted [[Lacan]] developed his polemic further, arguing that [[Freud]]'s radical insights had been universally betrayed by the phase in the history [[school|three major schools]] of [[psychoanalysis]] within the psychoanalytic movement since the death of Freud[[IPA]]: [[ego-psychology]], showing what [[Kleinian psychoanalysis is not]], and seeking with you the means of revitalizing that which has continued to sustain it, even in deviation...<ref>{{E}} p[[object-relations theory]].116</ref></Blockquote>
However=====Return to Freud=====To remedy this [[situation]], [[Lacan]]'s work itself puts proposed to lead a "[[return to Freud]]", both in question the narrative [[sense]] of a return renewed attention to orthodoxy implicit in the expression ''actual texts'' of [[Freud]] himself, and a '''return ''' to the ''[[essence]]'' of [[Freud,' for Lacan]]'s way of reading [[Sigmund Freud and his style of presentation are so original that they seem to belie his modest claims to be a mere commentator:Bibliography|work]] which had been betrayed by the [[IPA]].
Furthermore, while it is true that Reading [[LacanFreud]] returns to specific aspects of in the Freudian conceptual legacy, privileging original [[German]] allowed [[Lacan is no more 'faithful' ]] to Freud's work than the post-Freudians whom he criticizes for having betrayed Freud's message; like them, discover elements which had been obscured by poor [[Lacantranslation]] selects and develops certain themes in ignored by [[Freudother]]'s work and neglects or reinterprets otherscommentators.
Lacanian psychoanalysis might therefore be described as a 'post=====Post-FreudianFreudians=====Thus much of [[Lacan]]' form of psychoanalysis, along s work is taken up with detailed textual commentaries on specific works by [[ego-psychologyFreud]], and by numerous references to the work of other analysts whose [[Kleinian psychoanalysisideas]] and [[object-relations theoryLacan]]refutes.
HoweverTo [[understand]] [[Lacan]]'s work, therefore, this it is not the way necessary both to have a detailed understanding of [[LacanFreud]] sees his work's ideas and also a grasp of the way these ideas were developed and modified by the other analysts (the 'post-Freudians') whom Lacan criticizes.
These ideas are the background against which [[Lacan]] argues that there is a deeper logic at work in develops his own "[[return to Freud]]'s texts, a logic which endows those texts with a consistency despite the apparent contradictions."
<Blockquote>What such a return [to Freud] involves for me is not a [Lacan[return of the repressed]], but rather taking the antithesis constituted by the [[phase]] in the [[history]] claims that his reading of the [[Freudpsychoanalytic]] movement since the [[death]]of Freud, and his alone, brings out this logicshowing what psychoanalysis is not, and shows us seeking with you the means of revitalizing that "the different stages and changes in direction" in Freud's work "are governed by Freud's inflexibly effective concern which has continued to maintain sustain it , even in its primary rigourdeviation..."<ref>{{E}} p.116</ref></Blockquote>
In other words=====Orthodoxy=====However, while [[Lacan]]'s reading of work itself puts in question the [[Freudnarrative]] may be as partial as any other of a '''return''' to ''orthodoxy'' implicit in the sense that it privileges particular aspects of expression "[[return to Freud]]'s work, that is not, in " for [[Lacan]]'s view, justification for regarding all interpretations way of reading [[Freud]] as equally validand his style of presentation are so original that they seem to belie his modest claims to be a mere commentator.
Thus Furthermore, while it is [[true]] that [[Lacan]] returns to specific aspects of the [[Freud]]ian [[conceptual]] legacy, privileging [[Lacan]] is no more "faithful" to [[Freud]]'s [[Sigmund Freud:Bibliography|work]] than the post-Freudians whom he criticizes for having betrayed [[Freud]]'s [[message]]; like [[them]], [[Lacan]] selects and develops certain themes in [[Freud]]'s declarations of loyalty [[Sigmund Freud:Bibliography|work]] and accusations of betrayal cannot be seen as a mere rhetorical strategyneglects or [[interpretation|reinterprets]] [[others]].
Certainly'''[[Lacan]]ian [[psychoanalysis]]''' might therefore be described as a "[[Freud|post-Freudian]]" [[form]] of [[psychoanalysis]], they do have a rhetoricoalong with '''[[ego-political functionpsychology]]''', in that presenting himself as 'more Freudian' than anyone else allowed '[[LacanKleinian psychoanalysis]] to challenge the effective monopoly on the Freudian legacy that the ''' and ''[[IPAobject-relations theory]] still enjoyed in the 1950s'''.
=====Reading of Freud=====However, this is not the way [[Lacan]] sees his [[work]]. [[Lacan]] argues that there is a deeper [[logic]] at work in [[Freud]]'s [[Sigmund Freud:Bibliography|texts]], a logic which endows those [[Sigmund Freud:Bibliography|texts]] with a consistency despite the [[apparent]] contradictions. [[Lacan]] claims that his [[interpretation|reading]] of [[Freud]], and his alone, brings out this logic, and shows us that "the different [[stages]] and changes in direction" in [[Freud]]'s [[Sigmund Freud:Bibliography|work]] "are governed by Freud's inflexibly effective concern to maintain it in its primary rigour."<ref>{{E}} p. 116</ref> In other [[words]], while [[Lacan]]'s reading of [[Freud]] may be as [[partial]] as any other in the sense that it privileges [[particular]] aspects of [[Freud]]'s work, that is not, in [[Lacan]]'s view, justification for regarding all [[interpretations]] of [[Freud]] as equally valid. Thus [[Lacan]]'s declarations of loyalty and accusations of '''[[betrayal]]''' cannot be seen as a mere rhetorical strategy. Certainly, they do have a rhetorico-[[political]] function, in that presenting himself as "more [[Freud]]ian" than anyone else allowed [[Lacan]] to challenge the effective monopoly on the ''[[Freud]]ian legacy'' that the [[IPA]] still enjoyed in the 1950s. However, [[Lacan]]'s statements are also an [[explicit ]] [[claim ]] to have teased out a coherent logic if [[Freud]]'s writings that no one else had perceived before.
==See Also==
{{See}}
* [[Ego-psychology]]
* [[International Psycho-Analytical Association]]
||
* [[Kleinian psychoanalysis]]
* [[Object-relations theory]]
||
* [[Psychoanalysis]]
* [[School]]
{{Also}}
 
==References==
<references/>
[[Category:Dictionary]]
[[Category:Psychoanalysis]]
[[Category:Jacques Lacan]]
[[Category:Dictionary|Freud, Return to]]
[[Category:Concepts]]
[[Category:Terms]]
[[Category:School]]
[[Category:Freudian psychology]]
 
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