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<h3 align="center">REFERENCE DEALING WITH INFANTILE SEXUALITY</h3><p>
<br>
<font color="#000000" face="[[Times ]] Roman" size="3">The characteristics of [[infantile ]] [[sexual ]] [[life ]] which we have<br>
hitherto emphasized are the facts that it is essentially auto-<br>
[[erotic ]] (i.e. that it finds its [[object ]] in the [[infant]]'s own [[body]]) and<br>that its [[individual ]] component [[instincts ]] are upon the [[whole ]] dis-<br>connected and independent of one [[another ]] in their [[search ]] for<br>
[[pleasure]]. The final outcome of sexual [[development ]] lies in what<br>is known as the normal [[sexual life ]] of the [[adult]], in which the<br>pursuit of pleasure comes under the sway of the [[reproductive]]<br>
function and in which the component instincts, under the<br>
primacy of a single [[erotogenic ]] zone, [[form ]] a firm organization<br>directed towards a [[sexual aim ]] attached to some extraneous<br>[[sexual object]].</font></p><p><br>
<br>
The study, with the [[help ]] of [[psycho]]-[[analysis]],<br>
of the inhibitions and disturbances of this pro-<br>
cess of development enables us to recognize<br>
abortive beginnings and preliminary [[stages ]] of a firm organiza-<br>
tion of the component instincts such as this‹preliminary stages<br>
which themselves constitute a sexual régime of a sort. These<br>
phases of sexual organization are normally passed throug<br>
smoothly, without giving more than a hint of their [[exist]]-<br>
ence. It is only in pathological cases that they become [[active]]<br>
and recognizable to superficial observation.<br><br>
We shall give the name of 'pregenital' to organizations of<br>
sexual life in which the [[genital ]] zones have not yet taken over<br>their predominant part. We have hitherto [[identified ]] two such<br>
organizations, which almost seem as though they were harking<br>
back to early [[animal ]] forms of life.<br><br>
The first of these is the oral or, as it might be called, cannibal-<br>
lstlc [[pregenital ]] sexual organization. Here sexual [[activity ]] has<br>
not yet been separated from the ingestion of food; nor are<br>
opposite currents within the activity differentiated. The object<br>
of both activities is the same; the sexual aim consists in the in-<br>
corporation of the object‹the prototype of a [[process ]] which, in<br>the form of [[identification]], is later to play such an important<br>[[psychological ]] part. A relic of this constructed [[phase ]] of organiza-<br>
tion, which is [[forced ]] upon our notice by [[pathology]], may be seen<br>
in thumb-sucking, in which the sexual activity, detached from<br>
the nutritive activity, has substituted for the extraneous object<br>
one situated in the [[subject]]'s own body.<br><br>
A second pregenital phase is that of the sadistic-anal organiza-<br>
tion. Here the opposition between two currents, which runs<br>
through all sexual life, is already developed: they cannot yet,<br>
however, be described as '[[masculine]]' and '[[feminine]]', but only<br>
as 'active' and '[[passive]]'. The activity is put into operation by the<br>[[instinct ]] for [[mastery ]] through the [[agency ]] of the somatic muscula-<br>ture; the [[organ ]] which, more than any [[other]], represents the<br>
<i>passivc</i> sexual aim is the erotogenic mucous membrane of the<br>
anus. Both of these currents have [[objects]], which, however, are<br>
not identical. Alongside these, other component instincts oper-<br>
ate in an auto-erotic manner. In this phase, therefore, sexual<br>
organization and subordination to the reproductive function <br>
are still [[absent]].<br>
<br>
</p><p>
197-199 [[Standard Edition ]] from <i>[[Three ]] Essays on [[Sexuality]]</i></p><p>
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