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Already as a young music critic and amateur sociologist, Theodor W. Adorno was primarily a philosophical thinker. The label {{TTS}}* break with Habermas 347* 'social philosopher' emphasizes the socially critical aspect Dialectic of his philosophical thinking, which from [945 onwards took an intellectually prominent position in the [[critical theory Enlightenment (Frankfurt Schoolwith Horkheimer)|critical theory]] 10, 46, 359* ''Negative Dialectics'' 89* ''Philosophy of the Frankfurt School.New Music'' 250 * sphere of'' Kulturindustrie'' 358 * violin versus piano 101-2
=Intrumental Reason=
<blockquote>
"What we need today is not the passage from the 'critique of political economy' to the transcendental-ontological 'critique of instrumental reason', but a return to the 'critique of political economy' that would reveal how the standard Communit project was ''utopian'' precisely in so far as it was not ''radical enough'' - in so far as, in it, the fundamental capitalist thrust of unleashed productivity survived, deprived of its concrete contradictory conditions of existence. The insufficiency of [[Heidegger]], [[Adorno]] and [[Horkheimer]], and so on, lies in thier abandonment of the concrete social analysis of capitalism: in their very critique or overcoming of MArx, they in a way ''repeat'' Marx's mistake - like Marx, they perceive unbridled producitvity as something that is ultimately ''independent'' of he concrete capitalist social formation. Capitalism and Communism are not two different historical realizations, two species, of 'instrumental reason' - instrumental reason ''as such'' is capitalist, grounded in capitalistrelations; and 'actually existing Socialism' failed because it was ultimately a subspecies of capitalism, an ideological attempt to 'have one's cake and eat it', to break out of capitalism while retaining its key ingredient.<ref>Žižek, S. (2000) [[The Fragile Absolute]], or Why the Christian Legacy is Worth Fighting For, London and New York: Verso. p. 18</ref></blockquote>
==Late Capitalism==
<blockquote>
Back in the 1940s, Theodor Adorno pointed out how, in the [[late capitalism|late capitalist]] '[[administered world]]', the classical [[Freud]]ian notion of the [[ego]] as the mediating agency between the two extremes, the inner [[drive]]s of the [[id]] and the external social constraints of the superego]], is no longer operative: what we encounter in today's so-called [[narcissistic]] [[personality]] is a direct pact between superego and id at the expense of the ego. The basic lesson of the so-called '[[totalitarianism]]s' is that the social powers represented in superego pressure directly manipulate the [[subject]]'s [[obscene]] drives, bypassing the [[autonomous]] rational [[agency]] of the ego.<ref>[[Žižek, Slavoj]]. (2000) [[The Fragile Absolute]], or Why the Christian Legacy is Worth Fighting For, London and New York: Verso. p.61-2</ref></blockquote>
<blockquote>
"Theodor Adorno claimed that what we are getting in the contemporary “administered world” and its “repressive desublimation” is no longer the old logic of social authority’s repression of the Id (the individual’s illicit aggressive drives). Rather, we have a perverse pact between the punitive Superego’s legally sanctioned social authority and the Id’s illicit aggressive drives at the expense of the Ego’s rationality."<ref>[[Žižek, Slavoj]]. [[Thanks, But We’ll Do It Ourselves]]: Against enlightened administration. In These Times. 29 June 2005.[http://www.inthesetimes.com/site/main/article/2169/ link]</ref></blockquote>
<ref>Žižek, S. (2000) [[The Fragile Absolute]], or Why the Christian Legacy is Worth Fighting For, London and New York: Verso. p. 105</ref> ==See Also== TICKLISHAdorno, Theodor break with Habermas 347 Dialectic of Enlightenment (with Horkheimer) 10, 46, 359 Negative Dialectics 89 Philosophy of the New Music 250 sphere of Kultunndustrie 358 violin versus piano 101-2 ==External Links==[httpCategory://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodor_Adorno Theodor AdornoPeople][http://www.tasc.ac.uk/depart/MEDIA/staff/ls/Modules/Theory/Adorno.htm link]
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'''Theodor Ludwig Wiesengrund Adorno''' (September 11, 1903 – August 6, 1969) was a German sociologist, philosopher, musicologist and composer. He was a member of the [[Frankfurt School]] along with [[Max Horkheimer]], [[Walter Benjamin]], [[Herbert Marcuse]], [[Jürgen Habermas]] and others.<ref>Žižek, S. (2000) [[The Fragile Absolute]], or Why the Christian Legacy is Worth Fighting For, London and New York: Verso. p. 105</ref>
==References==
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[[Category:Philosophy]]
[[Category:Politics]]
